Sunday, March 17, 2013

Spring planting

Spring Break this year fell on the perfect time to clear out an unused flower bed and fill it with new life. 2.0 and I started on it last Tuesday, loosening up the soil, yanking weeds, and spreading the wildflower and zinnia seeds she got for her birthday.

Yesterday, we planted a tomato and a variety of herb plants, just as my daughter's interest in the entire project faded into oblivion. Oh well. I always lost interest a short way into my mom's gardens, too. Unfortunately, hers were of a scale that required all of us to pitch in and help, whether we liked it or not.

This morning, I was plucking out some of the larger remaining weeds in preparation for applying the Texas native cedar mulch when the vivid memory of Grandma's roses came to mind. I remember being appalled as she casually pulled off what I thought was a perfectly nice yellow rose, then sprinkling the discarded petals over the floor of the flower bed as we said our good-byes.

I'm sure I asked my mom about it when we got into the car, and I'm sure she gave me a perfectly good explanation. Or maybe I didn't ask. But I know now that the rose was nearly spent, and would soon drop its petals anyway, making way for nutrient-draining rose hips that are far less attractive than a new rosebud. That is, if you aren't planning on harvesting the hips from your rose bushes. 2.0 prefers to let the cycle run its course with hers.

As I spread the mulch over the top soil, the smell reminded me of tilling and planting mom's vegetable gardens (I say vegetable gardens, though the majority of what we planted were technically fruits). We didn't plant one every year, but probably did so more often than not from the time I was 13.

Mom loved to grow as large of a variety of produce as she could fit into our backyard, and even planted a separate patch to one side of the front yard dedicated solely to corn at least once. Absolute necessities were tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, cantaloupe, watermelon, and peas. She had some nostalgic obsession with the act of shelling peas that neither my sister or I could fully comprehend, though we did love to joke about it.

We all got to pick out anything we wanted to grow. Mom made me plant my jalapeno and cayenne peppers at the far end of the garden, away from everything else, for fear the hot peppers would somehow add "heat" to any surrounding fruits. I'm still not sure if that is even possible, but I obliged. My favorite part of the whole process was eating my freshly picked jalapeno peppers right there in the garden while harvesting the fruits of our labors.

I've taken a couple of shots at vegetable gardening in the last eight years. Without Mom reminding me to go out and water the plants every evening, they generally wither within a few weeks.

Today, my lone tomato plant sits nestled among the parsley, oregano, basil and mint. Six little navy beans, hundreds of zinnias, and a robust mix of wildflowers have yet to breach the surface. Their future is uncertain, but I've kept it small enough to manage until I can get the hang of this gardening business.

Thursday, February 14, 2013

FHWC: The mysterious disapperance of Joe Parmer

Joe Parmer (left)
In the 1930s, the Great Depression was further compounded by over-farming and a decade-long drought that impacted a significant portion of the United States. "Black blizzards" of dust blew from the dead wheat fields in west Kansas, the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma, and the eastern borders of New Mexico and Colorado, darkening the skies throughout the plains.

After the death of their parents in 1928 and 1929, Granddaddy's twin brother Joe was boarding at the home of Hugh C. Morman on April 5, 1930 when the U.S. census was taken there. The rented farm was located near Joe's older brother Nathan's farm, as well as Grandma's parents, George and Rebecca Nowell's farm.

Joe and Hugh were both working as farmers, and were close to the same age, Joe being 28, Hugh 29. They probably went to school together. Hugh had recently started a family, and had a 3 year old daughter at the time. Joe remained single.

The drought and falling prices of crops drove many American farmers into migratory work. They traveled from farm to farm seeking seasonal labor, and received nominal pay for their efforts.

Sometime during the 1930s, Granddaddy's twin brother went west with the migratory farm workers, bound for Arizona. Rumors of large harvests ready for picking often spread along the highways of Texas during the Great Depression, but the rumors were at times fraught with errors.

It wasn't unusual for migrant workers to chase down these rumors only to find there has nothing to harvest. Or too many laborers had arrived ahead of them, and there were no more jobs left.

Joe Parmer was never heard from again. After failing to return home, his family and friends began to suspect the worse. There were many hazards in the life of a migrant farmer. Deplorable living conditions in the labor camps or lack of shelter on the road could lead to fatal illnesses. Labor strikes would sometimes culminate in violence.

There is no way of knowing whether or not Joe reached his destination. If he died on the road or in a labor camp, no one identified him as Joe Parmer of Henderson County, Texas. Else one of his brothers would surely have been contacted for burial arrangements, and there would be no mystery.

While we may never know what exactly happened to Uncle Joe, Grandma maintained this theory on the disappearance of her brother-in-law: "He probably got drunk and fell in a well."

That's so Grandma.

Sources
http://library.sussex.tec.nj.us/dacunto/Picturing%20the%20Unfamiliar/map.htm

http://library.sussex.tec.nj.us/dacunto/Picturing%20the%20Unfamiliar/timeline.htm

Donald Worster, "DUST BOWL," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ydd01), accessed February 14, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.

http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~txhender/Census.htm

"US Census, 1930," images, Henderson County TXGenWeb "http://www.usgwarchives.net/tx/henderson/census/1930/19-03b.gif : accessed 14 Feb 2013" Joe M. Parmer, boarder in the household of Hugh C. Mormon, Precinct 5, Henderson, Texas, citing ED 107-19, page 3B, dwelling 58, family 57, NARA microfilm publication T626, roll 2355.

http://newdeal.feri.org/survey/40a08.htm

http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/comments.php?id=788_0_6_0

Email conversation with Gary Wright about Joe's disappearance.

Email conversations with Gina, Nancy and Donna about Grandma.

Tuesday, February 12, 2013

FHWC: Jack and Zula start a family (cont.)

In the Spring of 1927, Grandma, Granddaddy and 1 1/2 year old Effie were living in or near Chandler, Tx (maybe Brownsboro), when they welcomed Winnie Dois Parmer into the world on March 22.

The sisters were very close growing up, seemingly inseparable when you look through the family photos. While the two were very different, their personalities complimented each other well. Effie was shy and reserved, whereas Winnie was very outgoing. And it was probably because of this that Grandma allowed Effie to wait on starting school until Winnie could go with her.

Now, Granddaddy enjoyed a stop at the bar when he had the chance, but he learned, perhaps the hard way, that he couldn't stop there if he had Effie with him. You see, Grandma was opposed to drinking, so Granddaddy just wouldn't tell her. But Effie would rat him out.

Winnie, on the other hand, enjoyed going to the bar with her daddy. Granddaddy would set her up on the bar, and she would become the center of attention. Granddaddy didn't have to worry about Winnie telling on him.

Other things that happened in the family, 1926 to 1930

Zula's brother John Benjamin, and his wife Alice Terrell, added two more children to their growing family. In addition to Lorene, Murry, and Juanita, John and Alice had John B. Nowell Jr. on January 1, 1926, and Margaret Virginia Nowell on 26 July, 1928.

On March 15th, 1926, Zula's grandmother, Martha Elizabeth Dennis Nowell, succumbed to influenza at the age of 82. She died in the home of her son-in-law and daughter, J. Sam and Bettie F. Davis, in Chandler, and was buried at Rockhill Cemetery in Brownsboro.

Around this same time, something happened that none of us knew about until Grandma was in her 90s (heck, I just found out last week!). As Gina told it:

"Me, Grandma and Mama were sitting around her kitchen table as usual and somehow it came up. Grandma said it took place between Effie's birth and Winnie's. She thinks she was just a month or so pregnant...it wasnt officially verified by a doctor or anything. She said she was "late" and figured she must be pregnant again but within a few weeks "stuff" came out and she figured she miscarried."


Almost a year after Winnie was born, Granddaddy's mother, Martha Fransina "Synie" Parmer died of heart failure in Chandler. About a year and a half later, Granddaddy's father, Green Clifton Parmer, also died, on August 1, 1929. Like most of the Parmers and Nowell's who died in Henderson County, they are also buried in Brownsboro's Rock Hill Cemetery.

Maggie Lorraine and her husband, Otis Sanders, as you may recall, divorced around this time, or at least sometime between their daughter Elsie's birth and Otis's 1930 marriage to Allene Hancock.

On October 24, 1929, the stock market crashed (Black Tuesday), sparking the beginning of the Great Depression. In November, around $30 billion in stock values simply vanished, while President Hoover announced that, "Any lack of confidence in the economic future or the basic strength of business in the United States is foolish."

By March of 1930, the unemployment rate more than doubled from what it was prior to "Black Tuesday", to over 3 million.

Meanwhile, in 1930, Grandma and Granddaddy were raising their daughters on a rented farm in part of Justice Precinct 4 in Henderson County. Grandma's siblings, George "Kit", Dora and Tommie were still at home with their parents and young niece, Oletha Wilson.

Sources

Winnie's Death certificate

"United States Census, 1930," index and images, HeritageQuest Online (http://0-www.heritagequestonline.com.catalog.houstonlibrary.org/dvimage/genealogy/stage/dvimage?filename=/heritage/vault/hqc14/T626/2355/1/46A.tif&invert=0&scale=2&mimeType=application/pdf : accessed 11 Feb 2013), Amry Parmer, Justice Precinct 4, Henderson, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 107-15, sheet 2A, family 29, series T626, roll 2355, Page 46. Or view it here: http://www.usgwarchives.net/tx/henderson/census/1930/15-02a.gif

#21935, Martha E Nowell, Confederate pension applications, Texas Comptroller's Office claims records, Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission.

"Texas, Deaths, 1890-1976," index and images, FamilySearch
(https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JXQQ-39D : accessed 08 Feb 2013), Francis Sina Parmer, 03 Jan 1928; citing reference certificate # 2600, State Registrar Office, Austin, Texas.

Timeline of The Great Depression - PBS - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/rails-timeline/
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